Blogs@NTU Admin Books and Articles, Japanese

Petryna, Adriana. 2011. “Chernobyl’s survivors: Paralyzed by fatalism or overlooked by science?” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 67 (2): 30 -37. DOI: 10.1177/0096340211400177. Available at http://bos.sagepub.com/content/67/2/30.abstract.

チェルノブイリ原発事故後のウクライナで調査した人類学者の論文。要旨は、国連などの放射能被害調査では、「危険性への誤った見解から生じるストレスが被害を甚大化させた」という論調で被害の決着化を図るが、1）そのような結論は被曝を回避するためにとった人々の行動と努力を無力化する、2）日本の原爆被害調査を鑑みれば、結論を出すにはさらに長期間を要する、3）ソ連崩壊・市場経済導入で長期にわたるデータ収集が断絶された、4）安全な被曝限度は時代と政治体制の文脈で変化する、5）被害補償を求める身体の政治化が継続している、などの理由で、放射能被害を今後も直視し続ける必要がある、と主張。

This is an article by Adriana Petryna, an anthropologist who conducted field work in the Ukraine following the nuclear accident at Chernobyl. Like her book Life Exposed: Biological Citizens after Chernobyl, this article helps provide a point of comparison for understanding some of the issues facing citizens exposed to radiation from Fukushima, as they begin what is likely to be a long and lonely struggle for social and political legitimation as victims of the policies of the state-supported nuclear power apparatus in Japan.

In summary, Petryna argues that while inquiries into radiation-related injuries by organizations such as the United Nations concluded that stress caused by misperceptions of radioactive threat exacerbated the damage, the following points must be considered:

  1. Such a conclusion trivializes the activities and efforts of those who tried to avoid exposure to radiation.
  2. In light of Japanese studies of the effects of the atomic bombs, an even longer period of investigation will be necessary in order to come to any legitimate conclusion in this case.
  3. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the implementation of a market economy broke off years of data collection.
  4. “Safe” limits of radiation exposure are contingent upon historical and political contexts.
  5. The politicization of bodies seeking compensation for damages continues today.

For these reasons and others, Petryna stresses the continued necessity of confronting and examining the damage caused by radiation.

– Fumitaka Wakamatsu, with English translation and text by Jennifer Lillie and Tyson Vaughan

Further reading:

Petryna, Adriana. 2002. Life Exposed: Biological Citizens after Chernobyl. 1st ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

ARTICLE: Chernobyl’s Survivors: Paralyzed by Fatalism or Overlooked by Science? (2011) [Japanese]
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